tailieunhanh - An Empirical Analysis of Political Activity in Hollywood

The most significant audience for which Hollywood failed to cater in the immediate post-war decades, and which created the basis for some of the most important strains of independent production, was the youth audience. Hollywood was very slow to respond to demographic and other social changes during the 1950s and 1960s that created a large audience receptive to material targeted at teenage viewers. Into the gap stepped a number of independent producers, the best known being American Independent Pictures (AIP), supplying the teen audience with a range of low-budget horror, hot-rod, biker and beach-blanket movies. Such films tended to be. | An Empirical Analysis of Political Activity in Hollywood Todd D. Kendall The John E. Walker Department of Economics Clemson University October 2007 Film plays an important role in the American political system and forms an important branch of the mass media. I analyze the political contributions of a sample of 996 top film actors directors producers and writers correlating them with demographic family and career success variables. I find that contributions flow overwhelmingly to left-of-center parties and organizations. I theorize about the causes of this bias and argue empirically that while demographic variables are not completely irrelevant Hollywood liberalism is primarily a function of high publicly visible incomes and family connections. Neither religion nor birthplace effects seem to affect political activity in the film business. I. 222 Sirrine Hall Clemson University Clemson SC 29631. I am grateful for comments and suggestions from David Prindle Bob Tollson Robert Tamura and seminar participants at Clemson University. J. Kerry Waller provided excellent research assistance in the production of the data. Send comments to tkendal@. All errors herein are the author s. Introduction Political activity in Hollywood is never far from the front page. Why do stars engage in politics And what of the perception that Hollywood is lock-step liberal In this paper I address these questions empirically with a unique dataset on political contributions from 996 top actors producers writers and directors. I find that contributions are relatively common in Hollywood and that almost uniformly contributions flow to left-of-center candidates parties and organizations. I show that demographics family background and career success variables are relevant but not substantially determinative in determining contribution levels. I argue that Hollywood liberalism is driven essentially by a combination of high publicly visible incomes and deep-rooted Hollywood families. A .

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