tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: A1-L1 Micromechanical studies of mitotic chromosome structure

I will discuss experiments which probe the large-scale organization of mitotic chromosomes, using a combination of chemical modifi-cations and micromechanical force measurements. Restriction nucleases cause dissolution of the chromosome, indicating that DNA itself is the contiguous structural element of the chromosome. Therefore the non-DNA (., protein) components must be isolated from one another, suggesting that the mitotic chromosome is best thought of as a network or gel of chromatin. | Sunday July 8 2007 A1-L1 Micromechanical studies of mitotic chromosome structure J. F. Marko Northwestern University Evanston IL USA I will discuss experiments which probe the large-scale organization of mitotic chromosomes using a combination of chemical modifications and micromechanical force measurements. Restriction nucleases cause dissolution of the chromosome indicating that DNA itself is the contiguous structural element of the chromosome. Therefore the non-DNA . protein components must be isolated from one another suggesting that the mitotic chromosome is best thought of as a network or gel of chromatin. Experiments with proteases produce a different result a gradual expansion of the chromosome occurs consistent with gradual removal of network nodes crosslinks . Studies using topoisomerases which suggest that DNA entanglements may play a role in compacting the chromosome will also be discussed. A1-L2 Spindle checkpoint control by the chromosomal passenger complex G. Vader C. Cruijsen T. van Harn M. Vromans R. Medema and S. M. A. Lens University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht THE NETHERLANDS During each round of cell division chromosomes need to be equally distributed over the two daughter cells in order to maintain a stable diploid genome. The spindle assembly checkpoint SAC ensures faithful chromosome segregation by monitoring the presence and quality of chromosome-microtubule interactions. As a weakened SAC may be one of the underlying mechanisms of the aneup-loidy observed in many solid tumors it is important to understand how this checkpoint is controlled in normal and malignant cells. The chromosomal passenger complex CPC Aurora B INCENP Survivin and Borealin becomes essential for SAC function when chromosomes have made connections to the microtubules of the mitotic spindle that are not bipolar and hence do not create tension. Unlike the classical SAC proteins Mad2 and BubR1 the CPC does not directly inhibit the Anaphase Promoting Complex APC . By .

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