tailieunhanh - Addressing the Threat of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) kills more than 4,500 people each day worldwide; approximately million TB deaths occurred in 2006 alone (WHO, 2008a). TB is second only to AIDS as the leading infectious disease–related cause of adult deaths. Although antibiotic treatment for TB was discovered more than half a century ago, an estimated one-third of the world’s popula- tion is currently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Keshavjee and Seung, 2008), and million new cases of active TB are estimated to occur around the world annually (WHO, 2008a). . | FORVM ON DRl D1SCOVFJIY. OEVEI . Addressing the Threat of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis A Realistic Assessment of the Challenge WORKSHOP SUM M A R Y INSTITUTE o MEWON6 4 M t aCAMMtt Addressing the Threat of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis A Realistic Assessment of the Challenge WORKSHOP SUMMARY Robert Giffin and Sally Robinson Rapporteurs INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS Washington . THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street . Washington DC 20001 NOTICE The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences the National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine. This project was supported by the American Diabetes Association the American Society for Microbiology Amgen Inc. the Association of American Medical Colleges AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals Blue Cross Blue Shield Association the Burroughs Wellcome Fund Celtic Therapeutics Management LLLP the Critical Path Institute the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation Eli Lilly and Company Entelos Inc. Genentech GlaxoSmithKline Johnson Johnson the March of Dimes Foundation Merck Co. the National Institutes of Health HHS Contract No. N01-OD-4-2139 National Cancer Institute National Center for Research Resources National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institute of Mental Health National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Office of Rare Disease Research Pfizer Inc. UnitedHealth Group and the . Food and Drug Administration HHS Contract No. 223-01-2460. Any opinions findings conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author s and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project. International Standard Book Number-13 978-0-309-13044-8 International Standard Book Number-10 .