tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: Biomaterials and biocompatibility in the transition from medical devices to tissue engineering

For 30 years, the field of medical device technology has struggled to identify the specifications for optimal biocompatibility. For the vast majority of devices, clinical experience has eventually confirmed that the best performance is achieved when biocom-patibility is equated with biological safety that is materials are selected on the basis of maximizing bioinertness and minimizing toxicity and irritation. | Abstracts 5. New Challenges New Strategies Toward Human Health Biocompatibility of Materials for Advanced Therapies 1 Biomaterials and biocompatibility in the transition from medical devices to tissue engineering D. Williams Clinical Engineering University of Liverpool Liverpool UK. E-mail dfw@ For 30 years the field of medical device technology has struggled to identify the specifications for optimal biocompatibility. For the vast majority of devices clinical experience has eventually confirmed that the best performance is achieved when biocompatibility is equated with biological safety that is materials are selected on the basis of maximizing bioinertness and minimizing toxicity and irritation. In some cases there are attempts to modulate the host response in order to either induce an event such as bone bonding or avoid an event such as platelet activation and some bioactive materials most usually used as coatings have emerged. The classical definition of biocompatibility the ability of a material to perform with an appropriate response in a specific application is therefore normally interpreted in terms that the appropriate response is none. Tissue engineering provides a radically different situation. The central tissue engineering paradigm that involves scaffolds or matrices to support and provide mechanisms for molecular and mechanical signalling to cells in order for them to express new extracellular matrix implies far more than an inert biomaterial at the heart of the process. It is unfortunate that the vast majority of attempts to develop scaffolds have been predicated on the need to use the FDA-approved material that is one that qualifies for biological safety under medical device rules. For the scaffold the basis of their biocompatibility is that they actively participate in the signalling process usually with the requirement of safe degradation as part of the process. 2 Biodegradable polymers as scaffolds of tissue engineering .

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