tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: Cellular response to unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum of plants

Secretory and transmembrane proteins are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in eukaryotic cells. Nascent polypeptide chains, which are translated on the rough ER, are translocated to the ER lumen and folded into their native conformation. When protein folding is inhibited because of mutations or unbalanced ratios of subunits of hetero-oligomeric pro-teins, unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulate in the ER in an event called ER stress. | REVIEW ARTICLE Cellular response to unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum of plants Reiko Urade Division of Food Science and Biotechnology Graduate Schoolof Agriculture Kyoto University Japan Keywords endoplasmic reticulum ER-associated degradation molecular chaperones protein folding quality controlof proteins unfolded protein response Correspondence R. Urade Division of Food Science and Biotechnology Graduate Schoolof Agriculture Kyoto University Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan Fax 81 774 38 3757 Tel. 81 774 38 3758 E-mail urade@ Received 23 November 2006 accepted 22 December 2006 doi Secretory and transmembrane proteins are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum ER in eukaryotic cells. Nascent polypeptide chains which are translated on the rough ER are translocated to the ER lumen and folded into their native conformation. When protein folding is inhibited because of mutations or unbalanced ratios of subunits of hetero-oligomeric proteins unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulate in the ER in an event called ER stress. As ER stress often disturbs normal cellular functions signal-transduction pathways are activated in an attempt to maintain the homeostasis of the ER. These pathways are collectively referred to as the unfolded protein response UPR . There have been great advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the UPR in yeast and mammals over the past two decades. In plants a UPR analogous to those in yeast and mammals has been recognized and has recently attracted considerable attention. This review will summarize recent advances in the plant UPR and highlight the remaining questions that have yet to be addressed. Introduction The unfolded protein response UPR is a fundamental system common to unicellular organisms plants animals and humans and is conserved in all eukaryotic cells. However there are differences in the molecular mechanisms underlying the UPR between .

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