tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: Muscle and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors Structure, function and pathogenicity

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are integral membrane proteins and prototypic members of the ligand-gated ion-channel superfamily, which has precursors in the prokaryotic world. They are formed by the assembly of five transmembrane subunits, selected from a pool of 17 homologous polypeptides (a1–10,b1–4,c, d, and e). | IFEBS Journal REVIEW ARTICLE Muscle and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors Structure function and pathogenicity Dimitra Kalamida1 Konstantinos Poulas1 2 Vassiliki Avramopoulou2 Efrosini Fostieri2 George Lagoumintzis1 Konstantinos Lazaridis2 Anastasia Sideri2 Marios Zouridakis1 2 and Socrates J. Tzartos1 2 1 Department of Pharmacy University of Patras Greece 2 Department of Biochemistry Hellenic Pasteur Institute Athens Greece Keywords acetylcholine receptor ACh binding protein extracellular domain ligand-gated ion channels Myasthenia gravis neuromuscular junction nicotinic receptors protein function protein structure transmembrane proteins Correspondence S. J. Tzartos Department of Pharmacy University of Patras GR26500 Rio Patras Greece Tel 30 261 096 9955 E-mail tzartos@ or Department of Biochemistry Hellenic Pasteur Institute GR11521 Athens Greece Fax 30 210 647 8842 Tel 30 210 647 8844 E-mail tzartos@ Received 19 January 2007 revised 30 April 2007 accepted 11 June 2007 doi Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors nAChRs are integral membrane proteins and prototypic members of the ligand-gated ion-channel superfamily which has precursors in the prokaryotic world. They are formed by the assembly of five transmembrane subunits selected from a pool of 17 homologous polypeptides ai-10 pi-4 c Ỗ and e . There are many nAChR subtypes each consisting of a specific combination of subunits which mediate diverse physiological functions. They are widely expressed in the central nervous system while in the periphery they mediate synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction and ganglia. nAChRs are also found in non-neuronal nonmuscle cells keratinocytes epithelia macrophages etc. . Extensive research has determined the specific function of several nAChR subtypes. nAChRs are now important therapeutic targets for various diseases including myasthenia gravis Alzheimer s and Parkinson s diseases and schizophrenia as well

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