tailieunhanh - PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database

An enlightened policy approach to proposed or continued toxic chemical use, in an age where the adverse effects have been widely and increasingly documented, is to first ask whether there is a less toxic way of achieving the toxic chemical’s intended purpose. Simply, “Is there another practice that would make the substance unnecessary?” This approach does not preclude and should demand the prohibition of high hazard chemical use, those chemicals that are simply too dangerous. The alternatives assessment approach differs most dramatically from a risk assessment-based policy is in rejecting uses and exposures deemed acceptable under risk assessment calculations, but. | PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database FRANCESCO D ERRICO CNRS-UMR 5199-PACEA Préhistoire Paléoenvironment Patrimoine Université Bordeaux 1 CNRS Bât. B18 Ave. des Facultés 33405 Tal-ence FRANCE and Institute for Human Evolution University of the Witswatersrand Johannesburg SOUTH AFRICA WILLIAM E. BANKS CNRS-UMR 5199-PACEA Préhistoire Paléoenvironment Patrimoine Université Bordeaux 1 CNRS Bât. B18 Ave. des Facultés 33405 Tal-ence FRANCE and Biodiversity Institute 1345 Jayhawk Blvd. Dyche Hall University of Kansas Lawrence KS 66045-7562 USA MARIAN VANHAEREN CNRS-UMR 5199-PACEA Préhistoire Paléoenvironment Patrimoine Université Bordeaux 1 CNRS Bât. B18 Ave. des Facultés 33405 Tal-ence FRANCE VÉRONIQUE LAROULANDIE CNRS-UMR 5199-PACEA Préhistoire Paléoenvironment Patrimoine Université Bordeaux 1 CNRS Bât. B18 Ave. des Facultés 33405 Tal-ence FRANCE MATHIEU LANGLAIS CNRS-UMR 5199-PACEA Préhistoire Paléoenvironment Patrimoine Université Bordeaux 1 CNRS Bât. B18 Ave. des Facultés 33405 Tal-ence FRANCE ABSTRACT Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic Upper Paleolithic and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages MIS 3-1. In all we have assembled 6 019 radiocarbon ages conventional 3 820 AMS 2 176 unspecified 23 from a total of 1 208 sites along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples. INTRODUCTION Since its inception as a discipline archaeology has developed from local to regional and now to continental and .