tailieunhanh - Interactions Between Agroecosystems and Rural Communities - Chapter 4

Sự gia tăng của Oklahoma hoạt động dựa trên heo nuôi tập trung động vật (CAFOs) trong những năm 1990 sau này được sản xuất một cuộc tranh cãi phản đối công khai và phản ứng lập pháp. Hai công ty đầu tư mạnh vào sản xuất thịt lợn hơi ở Oklahoma: vùng ven biển trang trại ở Texas County trong Panhandle Tập đoàn Heo Tyson, có cơ sở hoạt động trong Hughes County, phía đông nam của thành phố Oklahoma. | 4 Community Culture and the Evolution of Hog Production Eastern and Western Oklahoma Chris Mayda CONTENTS Introduction Background Texas County Guymon Hughes County Holdenville Demographics Texas County Hughes County Ethnicity and Employment Texas County Hughes County Corporate Culture Why Seaboard and Tyson Located Where They Did Seaboard Tyson Social and Cultural Factors Texas County Schools Housing and other Indicators Hughes County Conclusion INTRODUCTION The rise in Oklahoma s hog-based concentrated animal feeding operations CAFOs in the latter 1990s produced a furor of public protest and legislative reaction. Two companies invested heavily in hog production in Oklahoma Seaboard Farms in Texas County in the Panhandle and Tyson s Pork Group whose base of operations is in Hughes County southeast of Oklahoma City. Each produces hogs using different 2001 by CRC Press LLC production methods. Seaboard Farms is a vertically integrated hog producer corporately operating all phases of hog production from birth through processing whereas the Pork Group operates sow and nursery units with contract farmers. This chapter establishes the fact that the two approaches have not been by isolated chance. Changes in . hog production are a complex result of society s millennial zeitgeist and intimately related to the particular cultures affected. A historical foundation of . hog production with definitions is presented. Then a look is taken at how each county adopted a hog production method that best reflected its own geographic agricultural economic and demographic culture why hog production entered specific counties and why the cultures of each county were or were not issues for the corporations. The social and cultural effects in each county resulting from these different hog production methods are explained. The chapter concludes by examining the reasons why hog production issues have been dealt with in a traditional empirical style of single observations and why a system

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