tailieunhanh - Flocculation In Natural And Engineered Environmental Systems - Chapter 6

Cộng đồng vi khuẩn hoặc các uẩn còn được gọi là hệ thống màng sinh học có thể được chia thành văn phòng phẩm và các điện thoại di động. Những văn phòng phẩm là những bộ phim của vi sinh vật cổ điển thường là trên các bề mặt rắn. Những người di động đã được đặt tên với một loạt các thuật ngữ như tập hợp, tập hợp, flocs, tuyết, hoặc biofilms. | 6 Mapping Biopolymer Distributions in Microbial Communities John R. Lawrence Adam P Hitchcock Gary G. Leppard and Thomas R. Neu CONTENTS Introduction. 122 Methodology. 123 Handling Flocs for Microscopic Examination. 123 Epifluorescence Microscopy. 124 CLSM and 2P-LSM. 124 CLSM Limitations. 125 2P-LSM Limitations. 125 Synchrotron Radiation Soft x-ray Imaging . 126 STXM Limitations. 127 Targets and Probes. 127 Polysaccharides . 127 General Probes. 127 Lectins. 128 Antibodies. 131 Proteins-Lipids. 131 Nucleic Acids. 131 Charge Hydrophobicity. 132 Permeability. 133 Examination of EPS Bound and Associated Molecules . 133 Digital Image Analyses. 134 Quantitative In Situ Lectin Analyses. 135 Deconvolution. 136 3D rendering . 136 Conclusions . 137 Acknowledgments. 137 References . 137 1-56670-615-7 05 2005 byCRC Press 121 Copyright 2005 by CRC Press 122 Flocculation in Natural and Engineered Environmental Systems INTRODUCTION Microbial communities or aggregates also known as biofilm systems may be divided into stationary ones and mobile ones. Stationary ones are the classical microbial films usually on solid surfaces. Mobile ones have been named with a variety of terms such as assemblages aggregates flocs snow or mobile The techniques described in the following chapter apply to both biofilms and flocs. Aquatic aggregates river lake marine technical may be very different in terms of size composition density and Lotic aggregates are structurally very stable as they are exposed to a constant shear force resulting in relatively small aggregates 5 to 300 n-m whereas lake or marine snow may be very fragile and much larger millimeters to meters . Both environmental aggregates are colonized to a certain degree by prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms bacteria algae fungi protozoa . The bacterial .