tailieunhanh - A Comprehensive Grammars phần 8

Tham khảo tài liệu 'a comprehensive grammars phần 8', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Modal Verbs 287 Here the speaker is not voicing the listener s wish but his or her own and is advising or urging the listener to take the action. However if the two sentences are expressed as questions the meanings of want and should may be reversed nỉ yào hẽ diănr shuĩ ma lit. you want drink mw some water ma Do you want to drink some water wõ yào hẽ diănr shut ma lit. I must drink mw some water ma Should I drink some water The interrogative has naturally switched the roles of the speaker and the listener and the emphasis is on the listener s attitude rather than the speaker s. NEGATION OF MODAL VERBS Because the function of a modal verb is to indicate mood or attitude its negator is always T bù not or the more classical wú not in some cases and never ỲẴ méi or méiyõu even if it is referring to a mood or attitude in the past. 4 bù not is most commonly placed before the modal verb but it can also be used after the modal verb and before the main verb where it conveys a different meaning 0 nì bù kẽyì zòu lit. you not may leave You may not go. . you are not allowed to go nỉ kẽyĩ bù zỗu lit. you may not leave You may stay. . you are allowed not to leave tã bù kèn qù lit. he not willing go He is not willing to go. tã ken bù qù lit. he willing not go He is willing not to go. . he is willing to stay behind tã bù găn lái lit. she not dare come She dare not come a statement tã găn bù lái lit. she dare not come Dare she not turn up a threat 288 Chinese A Comprehensive Grammar However sentences with the negative after the modal verb sometimes need a degree of modification in order to be acceptable tã bùyào hẽ niúnải lit. he not want drink milk He doesn t want to drink any milk. tã yào bù hẽ niúnăi lit. he want not drink milk He wants not to drink milk. but tã yào sãn tiãn bù hẽ niúnải lit. he want three days not drink milk He wants to stop drinking milk for three days. and ỈÊTỂÍÌẴ tã bù yĩnggãi chõuyãn lit. she not should suck cigarette She shouldn t smoke. 0 tã