tailieunhanh - Illegal births and legal abortions – the case of China

A rights-based approach to access is based on the framework of international values and standards, set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (see ) and other international human rights conventions. These are primarily concerned with promoting the wellbeing and free choice of all individuals, especially people made vulnerable through poverty, stigma, marginalisation or violence. The right of individuals to access sexual and reproductive health services and information, to use services with privacy and confidentiality, and to be treated with dignity and. | Reproductive Health BioMed Central Review Open Access Illegal births and legal abortions - the case of China Elina Hemminki 1 Zhuochun Wu2 Guiying Cao3 and Kirsi Viisainen4 Address Research professor National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health STAKES . Box 220 00531 Helsinki Finland 2Associate professor School of Public Health Fudan University . Box 250 200032 Shanghai China 3Senior researcher International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis 2361 Laxenburg Austria and 4Senior researcher National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health STAKES . Box 220 00531 Helsinki Finland Email Elina Hemminki - Zhuochun Wu - zcwu@ Guiying Cao - cao@ Kirsi Viisainen - Corresponding author Published II August 2005 Reproductive Health 2005 2 5 doi 1742-4755-2-5 Received 03 March 2005 Accepted I I August 2005 This article is available from http content 2 I 5 2005 Hemminki et al licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http licenses by which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background China has a national policy regulating the number of children that a woman is allowed to have. The central concept at the individual level application is illegal pregnancy . The purpose of this article is to describe and problematicize the concept of illegal pregnancy and its use in practice. Methods Original texts and previous published and unpublished reports and statistics were used. Results By I979 the Chinese population policy was clearly a policy of controlling population growth. For a pregnancy to be legal it has to be defined as such according to the family-level eligibility rules and in some places it has to be within the local .