tailieunhanh - Reproductive Choice for Women and Men Living with HIV: Contraception, Abortion and Fertility

IVF and related treatments (GIFT and ZIFT, see below) are the most invasive ART treatments. Usually women try other methods first, and turn to IVF when those methods have not succeeded in pregnancy or live birth. One percent of babies in the US are born using IVF. Unlike AI, fertilization takes place outside the woman’s body in which eggs (retrieved from the woman trying to get pregnant or from an egg donor) are fertilized with sperm (from a partner or donor) in a Petri dish. Current egg retrieval practice involves ovarian stimulation drugs to produce multiple eggs and surgery under light. | ELSEVIER 2007 Reproductive Health Matters. All rights reserved. Reproductive Health Matters 2007 15 29 Supplement 46-66 0968-8080 06 - see front matter PII S0968-8080 07 2903 1 -7 REPRODUCTIVE matters Reproductive Choice for Women and Men Living with HIV Contraception Abortion and Fertility Thérèse Delvaux a Christiana Nostlingerb a Researcher and Lecturer STD HIV Research and Intervention Unit Department of Microbiology Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp Belgium. E-mail tdelvaux@ b Head of Health Promotion Unit Department of Clinical Sciences Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp Belgium Abstract From a policy and programmatic point of view this paper reviews the literature on the fertility-related needs of women and men living with HIV and how the entry points represented by family planning sexually transmitted infection and HIV-related services can ensure access to contraception abortion and fertility services for women and men living with HIV. Most contraceptive methods are safe and effective for HIV positive women and men. The existing range of contraceptive options should be available to people living with HIV along with more information about and access to emergency contraception. Potential drug interaction must be considered between hormonal contraception and treatment for tuberculosis and certain antiretroviral drugs. Couples living with HIV who wish to use a permanent contraceptive method should have access to female sterilisation and vasectomy in an informed manner free of coercion. How to promote condoms and dual protection and how to make them acceptable in long term-relationships remains a challenge. Both surgical and medical abortion are safe for women living with HIV. To reduce risk of vertical transmission of HIV and in cases of infertility people with HIV should have access to sperm washing and other assisted conception methods if these are available. Simple and cost-effective procedures to .