tailieunhanh - Eproductive dysgenesis in wildlife: a comparative view

The half-life of UPA is hours, which means that most of the drug is eliminated by 1 week and the interaction with hormonal contraception is likely to be clinically insignificant by this time. If a hormonal method is quick started the CEU advises use of additional contraceptive precautions for 1 week after taking UPA plus the time required for contraceptive efficacy to be established (see Summary on page iv). There is also a theoretical concern that progestogen-containing contraceptives could antagonise the action of UPA if taken concurrently or started soon after administration of UPA. Although there is no evidence looking at this interaction, UPA has been. | international journal of andrology ISSN 0105-6263 Reproductive dysgenesis in wildlife a comparative view Thea M. Edwards Brandon C. Moore and Louis J. Guillette Jr Department of Zoology University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Summary Keywords androgynization demasculinization endocrine disruption feminization plasticity testicular dysgenesis syndrome Correspondence Thea M. Edwards PO Box 1 18525 Department of Zoology University of Florida Gainesville FL 3261 1 USA. E-mail tedwards@ Received 21 June 2005 revised 26 August 2005 accepted 12 September 2005 doi Abnormal reproductive development in males has been linked to environmental contaminant exposure in a wide variety of vertebrates. These include humans rodent models and a large number of comparative wildlife species. In human males abnormal reproductive development can manifest as a suite of symptoms described collectively as testicular dysgenesis syndrome TDS . TDS is also described as demasculinization or feminization of the male phenotype. The suite includes cryptorchidism in situ germ cell carcinoma of the testis and overt testicular cancer reduced semen quality and hypospadias. In this paper we review examples of TDS among comparative species. Wildlife exposed to environmental contaminants are susceptible to some of the same developmental abnormalities and subsequent symptoms as those seen in human males with TDS. There are additional end points which are also discussed. In some cases the symptoms are more severe than those normally seen in humans with TDS . oocytes developing within the testis because some non-mammalian species exhibit greater innate reproductive plasticity and are thus more easily feminized. Based on our review we present an approach regarding the ontogeny of TDS. Namely we suggest that male susceptibility to the androgynizing influences of environmental contaminants originates in the sexually undifferentiated embryo which in almost all .

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