tailieunhanh - Đào tạo sức mạnh cho trẻ em và thanh thiếu niên

Sức mạnh, sức đề kháng, đào tạo cho các vận động viên trẻ đã trở thành một trong các phương thức phổ biến nhất và đang phát triển nhanh chóng nâng cao thành tích thể thao. Nghiên cứu ban đầu đặt câu hỏi an toàn và hiệu quả của đào tạo sức mạnh cho các vận động viên trẻ, | Strength Training for Children and Adolescents Jeffrey A. Guy MD and Lyle J. Micheli MD Abstract Strength or resistance training for young athletes has become one of the most popular and rapidly evolving modes of enhancing athletic performance. Early studies questioned both the safety and the effectiveness of strength training for young athletes but current evidence indicates that both children and adolescents can increase muscular strength as a consequence of strength training. This increase in strength is largely related to the intensity and volume of loading and appears to be the result of increased neuromuscular activation and coordination rather than muscle hypertrophy. Training-induced strength gains are largely reversible when the training is discontinued. There is no current evidence to support the misconceptions that children need androgens for strength gain or lose flexibility with training. Given proper supervision and appropriate program design young athletes participating in resistance training can increase muscular strength and do not appear to be at any greater risk of injury than young athletes who have not undergone such training. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2001 9 29-36 Because of the increasing demands for performance and the decreasing ages of participation and peak performance young athletes are continually being asked to perform at higher levels and to improve at a quicker pace than ever before. As the demands increase the athletic community has been asked to supply the means to increase athletic performance and the medical community has been asked to validate the safety of these methods. Strength training has become one of the most popular and rapidly evolving modes of enhancing athletic performance. Although initially limited to those sports thought to require strength for optimal performance such as football and rugby some form of strength training has now been adopted in virtually every sports activity. It is commonplace for adult athletes both