tailieunhanh - Aluminium Design and Construction - Chapter 6

Tài liệu tham khảo giáo trình nhôm trong thiết kế xây dựng - Chương 6 Heat-affected zone softening at welds GENERAL DESCRIPTION An annoying feature in aluminium construction is the weakening of the metal around welds, known as HAZ (heat-affected zone) softening (Figure ). With the 6xxx-series alloys, the heat of welding can locally reduce the parent metal strength by nearly half. With 7xxx alloys, the weakening is less severe, but extends further out from the weld. | CHAPTER 6 Heat-affected zone softening at welds GENERAL DESCRIPTION An annoying feature in aluminium construction is the weakening of the metal around welds known as HAZ heat-affected zone softening Figure . With the 6xxx-series alloys the heat of welding can locally reduce the parent metal strength by nearly half. With 7xxx alloys the weakening is less severe but extends further out from the weld. For work-hardened material 5xxx 3xxx series the metal in the HAZ becomes locally annealed with properties falling to the O-condition level. Only for parent metal supplied in the annealed or T4 condition can HAZ effects be ignored. The metal in the HAZ may be weaker than the actual weld metal or it may be stronger depending on the combination of parent and filler materials used. It often pays to locate welds in regions of low stress . away from the extreme fibres or at a section of low moment in a beam. A full-width transverse weld as used for the attachment of a web stiffener brings a high penalty as it causes softening right across the section. A designer needs data on two aspects of HAZ softening its severity and its extent. The severity is largely a function of the parent material used while the extent depends on various factors. The ratio of the area of affected parent metal transverse to the weld to the weld deposit area can vary from 2 or 3 for a large multi-pass weld to 20 or more for single-pass. It must be emphasized that the subject of HAZ softening is far from being an exact science. A well-known method for estimating the extent of Figure Zone of HAZ softening at aluminium welds. Copyright 1999 by Taylor Francis Group. All Rights Reserved. the softening is the famous one-inch rule which often proves adequate but not always 18 . This simple method is explained in Section after which we go on to present a more scientific treatment RD method which may be used to replace the one-inch rule in situations that demand a more accurate estimate of .

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