tailieunhanh - Aluminium Design and Construction - Chapter 3

Tài liệu tham khảo giáo trình nhôm trong thiết kế xây dựng - Chương 3 Fabrication PREPARATION OF MATERIAL Storage Aluminium materials waiting to be fabricated are obviously best stored in the dry. But if they do get wet, at least they will not rust. One possible problem during storage is water staining, which appears as ugly blotches varying from white to dark grey [8]. This occurs when water is trapped between flat aluminium surfaces, and sometimes happens as a result of condensation when metal is brought in from the cold | CHAPTER 3 Fabrication PREPARATION OF MATERIAL Storage Aluminium materials waiting to be fabricated are obviously best stored in the dry. But if they do get wet at least they will not rust. One possible problem during storage is water staining which appears as ugly blotches varying from white to dark grey 8 . This occurs when water is trapped between flat aluminium surfaces and sometimes happens as a result of condensation when metal is brought in from the cold. Water stains have no effect on structural performance but must be avoided when good appearance is needed. Cutting Most of the techniques used for cutting steel are suitable for aluminium including shearing sawing notching nibbling and routing. Sawing in particular is quicker and easier than for steel provided the appropriate tooth size and cutting speed are used. Circular saws and band saws are both employed. Flame cutting is unfortunately no good for aluminium because of the ragged edge produced. For profiled cuts it is necessary to use band sawing or plasma cutting. Holing Drilling of aluminium is faster than with steel and is the normal method of making holes. When punching is used it is desirable to punch to 75 of the final hole size and drill out. This applies especially when the diameter is less than the thickness leading to enlargement of the hole on the tearout side. The practice of predrilling holes for fasteners to a smaller diameter and reaming after assembly is commoner in aluminium than in steel. Hole spacing and edge distances must not be made too small so as to avoid premature tearing in joints loaded in shear. British Standard Copyright 1999 by Taylor Francis Group. All Rights Reserved. imposes the following limits measured to hole centres hole spacing 2 edge distance where d0 is the nominal hole diameter. This minimum value for edge distance is safe if applied to an extruded edge but with a cut edge sawn or sheared it may be prudent to increase it to

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