tailieunhanh - Addressing in IP Networks

Addressing in IP Networks Without an address, you can put a stamp on an envelopAddressing in IP Networks Without an address, you can put a stamp on an envelope | Addressing in IP Networks Without an address you can put a stamp on an envelope put it in the mail and it is not going to go anywhere. IP traffic on the network is no different. Without an address it is impossible for hosts on a network to determine where the data should be delivered. To deal with this two forms of addressing are used on IP networks Physical hardware addresses Logical IP addresses Physical Addresses Physical addresses are used to identify the specific host that data is being transmitted to. The important thing about physical addresses is that they have a local significance only. What this means is that the physical address can only be used to communicate between hosts that share a common subnet or network segment. This is a legacy that goes back to the early days of networking where all hosts on a network received the electric signal that contained the data such as how Ethernet functions . To ensure that only the host that the data belongs to processes the data physical addresses were used to distinguish between hosts. The most common form of physical address and the physical address that is used for TCP IP communications is the MAC address. The MAC address is a vendor-assigned value that is supposed to be globally unique and that identifies the actual network card. MAC addresses are 6 bytes in length and typically consist of a 3-byte vendor identifier known as the organizationally unique identifier or OUI followed by a 3-byte unique identifier that is assigned by the vendor. The use of physical addresses allows for network communications between two hosts on the same subnet regardless of logical address and is a key element to how routing works. For example when two hosts on different networks want to communicate with each other they use their logical addresses to identify each other from a global perspective. When they transmit the data to each other each host physically addresses the frames to the hardware address of their corresponding router .

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