tailieunhanh - Báo cáo hóa học: " Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for acute respiratory failure in children: a concise review"

Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành hóa học dành cho các bạn yêu hóa học tham khảo đề tài: Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for acute respiratory failure in children: a concise review | Najaf-Zadeh and Leclerc Annals of Intensive Care 2011 1 15 http content 1 1 15 Ù Annals of Intensive Care a SpringerOpen Journal REVIEW Open Access Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for acute respiratory failure in children a concise review Abolfazl Najaf-Zadeh1 2 and Francis Leclerc1 3 Abstract Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation NPPV refers to the delivery of mechanical respiratory support without the use of endotracheal intubation ETI . The present review focused on the effectiveness of NPPV in children 1 month of age with acute respiratory failure ARF due to different conditions. ARF is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in children. Therefore prompt recognition and treatment of pediatric patients with pending respiratory failure can be lifesaving. Mechanical respiratory support is a critical intervention in many cases of ARF. In recent years NPPV has been proposed as a valuable alternative to invasive mechanical ventilation IMV in this acute setting. Recent physiological studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of NPPV in children with ARF. Several pediatric clinical studies the majority of which were noncontrolled or case series and of small size have suggested the effectiveness of NPPV in the treatment of ARF due to acute airway upper or lower obstruction or certain primary parenchymal lung disease and in specific circumstances such as postoperative or postextubation ARF immunocompromised patients with ARF or as a means to facilitate extubation. NPPV was well tolerated with rare major complications and was associated with improved gas exchange decreased work of breathing and ETI avoidance in 22-100 of patients. High FiO2 needs or high PaCO2 level on admission or within the first hours after starting NPPV appeared to be the best independent predictive factors for the NPPV failure in children with ARF. However many important issues such as the identification of the patient the right time for NPPV application