tailieunhanh - Manual Endourology - part 3

kính thiên văn cao cấp. ▬ lớn hơn kênh cho các thiết bị phụ trợ. ▬ kênh thủy lợi lớn hơn và do đó tầm nhìn được cải thiện, cải thiện di tản đông máu và mảnh vụn. ▬ tạo điều kiện thao tác và định hướng dễ dàng trong quá trình kiểm tra. | 19 3 Chapter 3 Urethrocystoscopy Telescope. With adapter for cold light. 0-12 telescope for straight view. 30 straight and lateral view. 70-120 retrograde view. Optional working adapter. Different adapters depending on the sheath size are available for introducing additional instruments . ureteral catheters grasping or biopsy forceps. An Albarran steering lever to navigate the working instruments between 0-30 especially to intubate ureteral orifices O Fig. . Advantages of rigid cystoscopy Superior telescopes. Larger working channel for auxiliary equipment. Larger irrigation channel and therefore improved vision improved evacuation of blood clots and detritus. Facilitated manipulation and easy orientation during inspection. Flexible Instruments Flexible instruments are available with a diameter of 16 Fr or less with bending of the instruments up to 210 upwards and 120 downwards allowing inspection of the total bladder. O Figs. O Fig. . Rigid cystoscope. 1 telescope 2 adapter for cold light 3 working adapter for introducing additional instruments 4 Albarran steering lever 5 adapter for irrigation inflow 6 adapter for irrigation outflow 7 sheath 8 Albarran O Fig. . Flexible urethrocystoscope 20 Chapter 3 Urethrocystoscopy Fig. . Navigation of the flexible urethrocystoscope Fig. . Videoendoscopy The working channel allows the use of flexible instruments . catheter flexible forceps coagulation probes up to 6 Fr. Advantages of flexible cystoscopy Convenient for patient nearly pain free well tolerated. Total inspection of bladder with one optical instrument. Special indication in continent urinary diversion . ileal neobladder . Special indication of endoscopy of ileal conduit. Special indication for patients who cannot be positioned for rigid endoscopy due to contractures of the lower extremities or cox arthrosis. Special indication for patients with frozen pelvis. Videoendoscopy Today videoendoscopy is a routine procedure in most .