tailieunhanh - Materials Selection Deskbook 2011 Part 8

Tham khảo tài liệu 'materials selection deskbook 2011 part 8', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Properties and Selection of Materials 93 in their use-the rapid increase in corrosion rate when perfectly anhydrous acids are being handled at high temperature. The resistance to most acid-reacting organic compounds increases with the acid concentration. It is possible to carry out such oxidation processes as the conversion of acetaldehyde to acetic acid or methyl alcohol to formaldehyde in aluminum plants thus avoiding boiling anhydrous acids. The metal is especially valuable for handling delicate chemicals which must not acquire metallic taste or color. For these reasons aluminum has found extensive use in the food dairy brewing and fishing industries. Neutral salts and aqueous solutions of various acids generally follow the acid action. Aluminum has no apparent action or microbiological processes . the production of antibiotics by deep-vessel fermentation . Fermentation tanks as well as various absorbing and extracting units can be made from aluminum. Since aluminum is not attacked by hydrogen sulfide H2S solutions it is used widely as a material in refineries for the handling of hydrocarbons made from sour crudes. In the strongly oxidizing conditions of manufacturing hydrogen peroxide aluminum is one of the few materials that does not undergo decomposition. Steam-heated aluminum castings are used for the melt spinning of nylon and polyester fibers and have been used for storage of raw materials during manufacturing as well as for storage of acetic acid in cellulose acetate plants. MISCELLANEOUS PRECIOUS METALS Titanium tantalum and zirconium are used for construction in process plants. The principal physical and mechanical properties of these three metals are given in the Table . Tabic . Properties of Titanium Tantalum and Zirconium 34 Density g cm2 Melting Point C Coefficient of Expansion X 10 6 C Thermal Conductivity W m C Yield Strength N mm2 Tensile Modulus N mm2 Hardness DPN Titanium 1668 15 345 103 000 150 Tantalum 2996 55

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