tailieunhanh - Materials Selection Deskbook 2011 Part 3

Tham khảo tài liệu 'materials selection deskbook 2011 part 3', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 18 Materials Selection Deskbook be accelerated by crevice corrosion for example. For more detailed descriptions of the mechanisms of corrosion the reader should consult the literature 1-10 . MATERIALS EVALUATION AND SELECTION Materials evaluation and selection are fundamental considerations in engineering design. If done properly and in a systematic manner considerable time and cost can be saved in design work and design errors can be avoided. The design of any apparatus must be unified and result in a safe functional system. Materials used for each apparatus should form a well coordinated and integrated entity which should not only meet the requirements of the apparatus functional utility but also those of safety and product purity. Materials evaluation should be based only on actual data obtained at conditions as close as possible to intended operating environments. Prediction of a material s performance is most accurate when standard corrosion testing is done in the actual service environment. Often it is extremely difficult in laboratory testing to expose a material to all of the impurities that the apparatus actually will contact. In addition not all operating characteristics are readily simulated in laboratory testing. Nevertheless there are standard laboratory practices that enable engineering estimates of the corrosion resistance of materials to be evaluated. Environmental composition is one of the most critical factors to consider. It is necessary to simulate as closely as possible all constituents of the service environment in their proper concentrations. Sufficient amounts of corrosive media as well as contact time must be provided for test samples to obtain information representative of material properties degradation. If an insufficient volume of corrosive media is exposed to the construction material corrosion will subside prematurely. The American Society for Testing Materials ASTM recommends 250 ml of solution for every square inch of area of .

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