tailieunhanh - NATIONAL REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS REGARDING HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE GENETIC TESTING

Most certainly, Latinas are facing a serious health care crisis that threatens to undermine the reproductive health and overall well-being of themselves, their families and their communities. Despite the growing number of uninsured Latinas and the significant health disparities they face, health policy makers have paid little attention to the reproductive health needs of Latinas. Against this backdrop, we are also witnessing an onslaught of attacks on the reproductive freedom of women in this country that will no doubt disproportionately impact Latinas. For example, the increase in federal funding for abstinence-only programs will have a serious effect on Latino. | ISASI . KNOPPERS . NATIONAL REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS REGARDING HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE GENETIC TESTING Preimplantation genetic Diagnosis Prenatal Diagnosis A Report for the Genetics and Public Policy Center Authors Rosario M. Isasi . . Bartha M. Knoppers PhD . Centre de recherche en droit public CRDP Faculté de Droit Université de Montréal . 6128 succ. Centre-ville Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada. July 2006 1 ISASI . KNOPPERS . NATIONAL REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS REGARDING HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE GENETIC TESTING Preimplantation genetic Diagnosis Prenatal Diagnosis PGD PND Advances in reproductive genetic testing techniques such as prenatal diagnosis PND and preimplantation diagnosis PGD have enabled prospective parents to know whether their child will be born with a certain genetic disorder or the possible outcomes of current or future pregnancies. PND which is performed in vivo during pregnancy is a diagnostic or pre-symptomatic test that can rule out the presence of specific medical conditions in the fetus. As an alternative to PND PGD can also be used to screen for genetic conditions at an earlier embryonic stage in vitro after IVF. PGD tests a single cell of an embryo to detect any genetic abnormality only the embryos that lack chromosomal or genetic defects are selected to be implanted into the uterus. Both PND and PGD have the potential to be used for non-medical purposes motivated by cultural or social reasons . for sex selection which raises social legal and ethical questions. This report provides a comparative survey of international approaches to reproductive genetic testing with summary charts and a compendium. The legal status of PND and PGD is not uniform among the different countries so regulatory systems cannot be generalized. However having an understanding of how different government agencies or national ethics committees govern reproductive genetic testing may encourage public

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