tailieunhanh - Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry - Part 5

Phản ứng được xúc tác bởi synthase tôi uroporphyrinogen, cũng được đặt tên PBG deaminase hoặc synthase HMB. HMB cyclizes một cách tự nhiên để hình thành uroporphyrinogen I (phía bên tay trái của hình 32-6) hoặc là chuyển đổi sang uroporphyrinogen III hoạt động của các enzym tổng hợp uroporphyrinogen III (phía bên tay phải của hình 32-6). | PORPHYRINS BILE PIGMENTS 271 HC------CH II II HC CH N H Pyrrole 1 2 HH CC 8 I I I a HC-C C CH II N I 3 8HC-C C CH IV h hn II I 7HC-C C Ch II I 4 HC-C C CH Y I III I p CC HH 6 5 Porphin C20H14N4 Figure 32-1. The porphin molecule. Rings are labeled I II III and IV. Substituent positions on the rings are labeled 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 and 8. The methenyl bridges HC are labeled a p Y and 8. droxymethylbilane HMB . The reaction is catalyzed by uroporphyrinogen I synthase also named PBG deaminase or HMB synthase. HMB cyclizes spontaneously to form uroporphyrinogen I left-hand side of Figure 32-6 or is converted to uroporphyrinogen III by the action of uroporphyrinogen III synthase right-hand side of Figure 32-6 . Under normal conditions the uroporphyrinogen formed is almost exclusively the III isomer but in certain of the porphyrias discussed below the type I isomers of porphyrinogens are formed in excess. Note that both of these uroporphyrinogens have the pyrrole rings connected by methylene bridges Table 32-1. Examples of some important human and animal Protein Function Hemoglobin I Transport of oxygen in blood Myoglobin Storage of oxygen in muscle Cytochrome c 1 Involvement in electron transport chain Cytochrome P450 i Hydroxylation of xenobiotics Catalase 1 Degradation of hydrogen peroxide Tryptophan 1 pyrrolase Oxidation of trypotophan 1The functions of the above proteins are described in various chapters of this text. Figure 32-2. Uroporphyrin III. A acetate CH2COOH P propionate CH2CH2COOH. CH2 which do not form a conjugated ring system. Thus these compounds are colorless as are all porphyrinogens . However the porphyrinogens are readily auto-oxidized to their respective colored porphyrins. These oxidations are catalyzed by light and by the porphyrins that are formed. Uroporphyrinogen III is converted to coproporphyrinogen III by decarboxylation of all of the acetate A groups which changes them to methyl M substituents. The reaction is catalyzed by .

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