tailieunhanh - Handbook Of Pollution Control And Waste Minimization - Chapter 20

Giảm thiểu và sử dụng của đốt than By-Sản phẩm (CCB): Khái niệm và ứng dụng Trong quá trình sản xuất điện đốt than, bốn loại chính của quá trình đốt cháy than các sản phẩm (CCB) được sản xuất: tro bay, tro đáy, xỉ lò hơi, khí thải khử lưu huỳnh (FGD) vật liệu (1,2). Trong năm 1998, 97,7 triệu tấn của CCBs được sản xuất tại Hoa Kỳ (xem hình 1). Tro bay được tạo ra trong số lượng lớn nhất (57,1 triệu tấn), với chất liệu FGD thứ hai CCB phong phú (22,7 triệu tấn). Khoảng 15,1 triệu tấn tro đáy được tạo ra và 2,7. | 20 Minimization and Use of Coal Combustion By-Products CCBs Concepts and Applications Harold W. Walker Panuwat Taerakul Tarunjit Singh Butalia and William E. Wolfe The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio Warren A. Dick The Ohio State University Wooster Ohio 1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND During coal-fired electric power production four main types of coal combustion by-products CCBs are produced fly ash bottom ash boiler slag and flue gas desulfurization FGD material 1 2 . In 1998 million metric tons of CCBs were produced in the United States see Figure 1 . Fly ash was generated in the largest quantity million metric tons with FGD material the second most abundant CCB million metric tons . Roughly million metric tons of bottom ash were generated and million metric tons of boiler slag were produced. Although the majority of CCBs produced currently enters landfills and surface impoundments there is great potential for the effective and environmentally sound utilization of these materials. Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker Inc. All Rights Reserved. 120 -1 Figure 1 CCB production in million metric tons in the United States in 1998 1 . Currently the amount of CCBs entering landfills and surface impoundments is greater than half of the total municipal solid waste MSW disposed of in the United States see Table 1 . Of the million metric tons of CCBs generated in 1998 million metric tons of CCBs or 70 were disposed of in landfills or surface impoundments 1 . In 1997 the most current year for which data are available the total MSW disposed of in landfills was million tons 3 . The amount of CCBs disposed each year is greater than the amount of paper million metric tons plastic million metric tons wood million metric tons and glass million metric tons discarded. Table 1 Amount of CCBs Disposed of in Landfills in the United States in 1998 Compared to Disposal of Municipal Solid Waste MSW a Material Metric tons X 106 .