tailieunhanh - Handbook Of Pollution Control And Waste Minimization - Chapter 19

Xem xét môi trường và Thiết kế Quy trình máy tính Mục tiêu của chương này là để tóm tắt các phương pháp tính toán chính được sử dụng trong mô phỏng máy tính và thiết kế các quá trình hóa học có thể được sử dụng để xác định và phân tích các cơ hội trong công tác phòng chống và kiểm soát ô nhiễm. Các tài liệu được bảo hiểm không có nghĩa là đầy đủ. Vì vậy, người đọc được khuyến khích để xem xét các tài liệu tham khảo để biết chi tiết cụ thể hơn. Triết. | 19 Environmental Considerations and Computer Process Design Victor R. Vasquez University of Nevada Reno Reno Nevada 1 INTRODUCTION The goal of this chapter is to summarize the main computational methods used in computer simulation and design of chemical processes that can be used to identify and analyze opportunities in pollution prevention and control. The material covered is by no means exhaustive. Therefore the reader is encouraged to review the references for more specific details. The philosophy behind pollution prevention involves finding technological pathways and operations to make products in such way that the environmental impact of the process is minimum. We can see that such a framework or approach will necessarily create design and analysis of different alternatives. The total number of alternatives will depend on the type of application and objectives to be accomplished and can vary from a few to hundreds. The evaluation of the different alternatives can be greatly accelerated by the use of appropriate computational tools or procedures. In addition to the potential of computational methods for selection and analysis of technological alternatives there has been significant development of new concepts toward more efficient processes from an environmental protection standpoint. Among these is the concept of green engineering which include Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker Inc. All Rights Reserved. ideas such as process integration to broaden the design procedures by incorporating new engineering concepts to avoid pollution at early stages of design. In other words the idea is to avoid the generation of waste through process design. Regardless of the approach used pollution prevention and control through process analysis and design is probably the most powerful approach to dealing with environmental issues in the chemical process industry CPI . Increasing research efforts are reported in the literature involving the applications of concepts of process .