tailieunhanh - Chemical Degradation Methods for Wastes and Pollutants - Chapter 7

Các chùm tia điện tử Quá trình suy thoái Radiolytic của các chất ô nhiễm Việc xử lý cuối cùng của các chất ô nhiễm hữu cơ độc hại đang nổi lên như một ưu tiên trong việc tìm kiếm các công nghệ xử lý sáng tạo. Xử lý cuối cùng là khoáng của các hợp chất gây ô nhiễm các thành phần vô cơ như nước và carbon dioxide. Quá trình điều trị thông thường thường tập trung vào việc loại bỏ các chất gây ô nhiễm từ một địa điểm cụ thể, mà không quan tâm đến bố trí. | 7 The Electron Beam Process for the Radiolytic Degradation of Pollutants Bruce J. Mincher Idaho National Engineering Environmental Laboratory Idaho Falls Idaho . William J. Cooper University of North Carolina-Wilmington Wilmington North Carolina . I. INTRODUCTION The ultimate disposal of hazardous organic pollutants is emerging as a priority in the search for innovative treatment technologies. Ultimate disposal is the mineralization of pollutant compounds to inorganic constituents such as water and carbon dioxide. Conventional treatment processes have often focused on removal of a pollutant from a particular location without concern for its ultimate disposition. Examples include landfilling deep-well injection or vapor vacuum extraction with collection on carbon filters. Eventually the hazardous compound treated with these techniques must be dealt with again. A conventional example of ultimate treatment is incineration. Unfortunately incineration has met with strong public opposition because of air emissions that potentially contain small amounts of toxic by-products. Presently incinerators are losing operations licenses rather than new incinerators being licensed. Several innovative ultimate disposal technologies are currently being developed for the treatment of water. These advanced oxidation technologies act as sources of free radicals principally hydroxyl radical OH which Copyright 2003 by Marcel Dekker Inc. All Rights Reserved. oxidatively decompose pollutants. An excellent source of free radicals for water treatment is ionizing radiation. Irradiation of water produces both reducing and oxidizing species which allow for a versatile approach to the ultimate treatment of a variety of pollutants. Machine-generated electron beams e-beams provide reliable and safe radiation sources for treatment of flowing waste streams on a process scale. Process versatility is provided by continuous rapid treatment potential and a tolerance for feedstocks of varying .