tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: "Genetic and phylogenetic evolution of HIV-1 in a low subtype heterogeneity epidemic: the Italian example"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học 'Respiratory Research cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: "Genetic and phylogenetic evolution of HIV-1 in a low subtype heterogeneity epidemic: the Italian example. | Retrovirology BioMed Central Open Access Review Genetic and phylogenetic evolution of HIV-1 in a low subtype heterogeneity epidemic the Italian example Luigi Buonaguro Maria Tagliamonte Maria Lina Tornesello and Franco M Buonaguro Address Lab of Viral Oncogenesis and Immunotherapy AIDS Refer. Center 1st. Naz. Tumori Fond. G. Pascale Naples Italy Email Luigi Buonaguro - buonagur@ MariaTagliamonte - mariatagliamonte@ Maria LinaTornesello - irccsvir@ Franco M Buonaguro - irccsvir@ Corresponding author Published 21 May 2007 Received 9 February 2007 Retrovirology 2007 4 34 doi 1742-4690-4-34 Accepted 21 May 2007 This article is available from http content 4 1 34 2007 Buonaguro et al licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http licenses by which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract__ The Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 HIV-1 is classified into genetic groups subtypes and sub-subtypes which show a specific geographic distribution pattern. The HIV-1 epidemic in Italy as in most of the Western Countries has traditionally affected the Intra-venous drug user IDU and Homosexual Homo risk groups and has been sustained by the genetic B subtype. In the last years however the HIV-1 transmission rate among heterosexuals has dramatically increased becoming the prevalent transmission route. In fact while the traditional risk groups have high levels of knowledge and avoid high-risk practices the heterosexuals do not sufficiently perceive the risk of HIV-1 infection. This misperception linked to the growing number of immigrants from nonWestern Countries where non-B clades and circulating recombinant forms CRFs are prevalent is progressively