tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: " HIV-1 Nef: at the crossroads"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học 'Respiratory Research cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: " HIV-1 Nef: at the crossroads. | Retrovirology BioMed Central Review HIV-1 Nef at the crossroads John L Foster and J Victor Garcia Open Access Address Department of Internal Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX 75390 Email John L Foster - J Victor Garcia - Corresponding authors Published 22 September 2008 Received 8 May 2008 Accepted 22 September 2008 Retrovirology 2008 5 84 doi l 742-4690-5-84 p p This article is available from http content 5 1 84 2008 Foster and Garcia licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http licenses by which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract The development of anti-virals has blunted the AIDS epidemic in the Western world but globally the epidemic has not been curtailed. Standard vaccines have not worked and attenuated vaccines are not being developed because of safety concerns. Interest in attenuated vaccines has centered on isolated cases of patients infected with HIV-1 containing a deleted nef gene. Nef is a multifunctional accessory protein that is necessary for full HIV-1 virulence. Unfortunately some patients infected with the nef-deleted virus eventually lose their CD4 T cells to levels indicating progression to AIDS. This renders the possibility of an attenuated HIV-1 based solely on a deleted nef remote. In this review we discuss the knowledge gained both from the study of these patients and from in vitro investigations of Nef function to assess the possibility of developing new anti-HIV-1 drugs based on Nef. Specifically we consider CD4 downregulation major histocompatibility complex I downregulation Pak2 activation and enhancement of virion infectivity. We also consider the recent proposal that simian .

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