tailieunhanh - Practical Plastic Surgery - part 4

Nó cũng phải được lưu ý rằng độ dày của da mũi thay đổi đáng kể. Da lưng trên và sidewalls mũi (vùng I) là mịn, mỏng, tương đối nonsebaceous và di chuyển khá dễ dàng so với bộ xương nằm bên dưới. Da đầu, supratip và alae (vùng II) dày, dày đặc và bã nhờn. | Nasal Reconstruction 189 Figure . Surface anatomy of the nose the aesthetic subunits. 1 Dorsum 2 sidewall 3 tip 4 soft triangle 5 alar-nostril sill 6 columella. It must also be noted that the thickness of the skin of the nose varies considerably. The skin of the upper dorsum and sidewalls of the nose zone I is smooth thin relatively nonsebaceous and moves fairly easily over the underlying skeleton. The skin of the supratip tip and alae zone II is thick dense and sebaceous. Finally the skin of the soft triangles alar magins infratip and columella zone III is smooth thin and relatively nonsebaceous but unlike the dorsum and sidewalls is densely adherent to the underlying cartilaginous skeleton and does not move easily. Preoperative Considerations As with all surgery routine preoperative risk stratification should be undertaken particularly when planning an extensive multi-staged reconstruction. A plan should be outlined for replacing like with like. A functional nose must possess three basic elements lining support and cover. Options for replacing these tissues are outlined in Table . Several authors advocate the use of a preoperative or intraoperative template to plan the design of flaps. Classically the aluminum foil wrapper from a chromic suture is used to create a three dimensional template of the nasal subunits which need to be replaced. This template is then flattened out to reveal the actual size of the flap or skin graft which needs to be harvested. Skin defects comprising greater than 50 of a given aesthetic subunit should be enlarged to encompass the entire subunit to avoid noticeable scars and contour deformities within individual subunits. One must be cautious when analyzing the defect. Factors such as edema scarring previous attempts at repair wound contracture secondary healing gravity and skin tension can all distort the true size and shape of the defect and one must take any or all of these factors into account. 32 190 Practical Plastic .

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