tailieunhanh - Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive and Corrective Bone Surgery - part 9

Hình 51,3 ví dụ lâm sàng thụ động genioplasty. Các bức ảnh Presurgical và postsurgical của một người đàn ông 22 tuổi với góc lớp II / 1 (cắn sâu) sửa chữa tiến bộ phẫu thuật của hàm dưới (osteotomy song phương chia dọc). Lưu ý sự cải thiện của cằm | 51. Genioplasty Techniques and Considerations for Rigid Internal Fixation 625 a b c Figure Clinical example of passive genioplasty. Presurgical and postsurgical photographs of a 22-year-old man with Angle class II 1 deep bite corrected by surgical advancement of the mandible bilateral sagittal split osteotomy . Note the improvement of the chin d position lengthening of the anterior height and stretching of the inferior labial fold. a Presurgical frontal view. b Presurgical in profile. c Postsurgical frontal view. d Postsurgical in profile. 626 . Kroon b c d 51. Genioplasty Techniques and Considerations for Rigid Internal Fixation 627 Table Classification for genioplasties related to the main direction of change in position of the chin. 1. Horizontal a. Backward b. Forward 2. Vertical a. Upward b. Downward 3. Lateral to correct asymmetry 4. Combinations TABLE Classification for genioplasties related to the main clinical change in appearance. 1. Augmentation a. Horizontal b. Vertical 2. Reduction a. Horizontal b. Vertical 3. Correction of asymmetry 4. Combinations Classifications for genioplasties are most practical if they are related either to the direction of the change in position of the chin Table or to the proposed clinical change in appearance Table . In the case of asymmetry an anteroposterior x-ray and a submentovertex x-ray should be taken and analyzed to measure the discrepancies and to determine the extent of bony corrections. Several methods have been Prediction Measurements Measurements for prediction can be drawn on lateral cephalometric radiograph tracings. This method gives acceptable and sufficient information about the surgical possibilities in the hard tissue and the clinical effect at the site of the soft 16 17 In recent years three-dimensional computerized hard- and soft-tissue prediction programs have become After analysis of the lateral cephalometric x-ray the required .