tailieunhanh - Pediatric Interstitial Lung Disease Revisited

The report is divided into fi ve sections. The fi rst addresses frequency effects of shared family mealtimes and relations to child health and wellbeing indicators. The second section addresses family climate during shared family mealtimes. This section examines the role that family interaction patterns, dining in or outside the home, and the effects of hav- ing the television on during mealtimes plays in relation to child outcomes of interest. The third section addresses parents as gatekeepers of the family table. This section considers the role of food marketing and parent versus child decision making about food in relation. | Pediatric Pulmonology 38 369-378 2004 ---------------------------------------------State of the Art Pediatric Interstitial Lung Disease Revisited Leland L. Fan MD 1 Robin R. Deterding MD 2 and Claire Langston MD3 Summary. The spectrum of pediatric interstitial lung disease PILD includes a diverse group of rare disorders characterized by diffuse infiltrates and disordered gas exchange. Children with these conditions typically present with tachypnea crackles and hypoxemia. Recent advances have been made in the identification of different types of PILD that are unique to infancy. More exciting has been the discovery of genetic abnormalities of surfactant function now described in both children and adults. A systematic evaluation of the child presenting with diffuse infiltrates of unknown etiology is essential to the diagnosis. Most often lung biopsy is required. Current treatment options remain less than satisfactory and morbidity and mortality remain considerable. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2004 38 369-378. 2004 Wiley-Liss Inc. Keywords children infants interstitial lung disease. INTRODUCTION The spectrum of interstitial lung disease ILD includes a group of rare mostly chronic pulmonary disorders characterized by diffuse infiltrates and disordered gas exchange. Pediatric interstitial lung disease PILD is difficult to define due to the diverse nature of the diseases encountered. It should perhaps be considered a syndrome characterized by tachypnea crackles hypoxemia and or diffuse infiltrates which once identified should trigger a search for a more specific disorder. It has been 11 years since two of us . and . wrote our first review of PILD for this Since then much has been learned. The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias have been reclassified to clarify the distinctive features of these diseases. Newer entities unique to infants and children have been identified and described. The genetic basis for certain types of familial lung disease has been linked to .