tailieunhanh - CELIAC DISEASE AND DIABETES MELLITUS

Canada has been at the forefront in the establishment and study of longitudinal cohorts aimed at defining behavioural traits, all of which continue to be studied (. ELEM 1037 boys ascertained in kindergarten in 1984; ELEMQ 3018 children ascertained in kindergarten in 1986; ELDEQ 2872 births ascertained in 1997; and 600 pairs of twins born and ascertained in 1996, ELNEJ 30,000 children aged 0-11 followed every 2 years since 1994). DNA and extensive longitudinal phenotypic information is already available for all cohorts except ELNEJ. Canada has a strong neuroscience research community whose ability to perform detailed neurophenotyping and attack the. | 1 Department of Medicine Nova Gradiska General Hospital Strossmayerova 17 HR-35400 Nova Gradiska Croatia 2 Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic Dugi dol 4a HR-10000 Zagreb Croatia CELIAC DISEASE AND DIABETES MELLITUS Franjka Pozgaj1 Zeljko Metelko2 Review Key words diabetes mellitus celiac disease screening SUMMARY It is known that type 1 diabetes mellitus and celiac disease have a similar genetic background associated with HLA DQ2 or 8 and similar trigger mechanisms for autoimmune process. Celiac disease typically presents with malabsorption but in recent years there is an increasing number of atypical or silent form. Untreated celiac disease may be associated with long-term health risks. The institution of gluten-free diets may result in rapid and often dramatic improvement of symptoms. Extended monitoring is needed due to documentation of the clinical benefits of screening and treatment in diabetic patients. INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus DM is one of the most common endocrine diseases in all populations and all age groups. It is a syndrome of disturbed intermediary metabolism caused by inadequate insulin secretion or impaired insulin action or both. Etiologic classification of DM American Diabetes Association 1997 defines two types of DM type 1 beginning as destruction of B-cells of Langerhans islets which can be autoimmune or rarely idiopathic. DM type 1 is characterized by total lack of insulin and classic symptoms of hyperglycemia with polyuria and loss of body mass. Due to accelerated lipolysis as an effect of insulin insufficiency there is ketoacidosis with lethal outcome. Insulin therapy is necessary for the control of hyperglycemia metabolism regulation and support of life and type 2 the most common type of DM beginning as insulin resistance which is more or less related to inadequate secretion of B-cells. The clinical symptoms are in the beginning milder than in DM type 1 and ketoacidosis does not occur. In treating DM type 2 dietary and oral hypoglycemic .