tailieunhanh - Polycystic Kidney Disease

Children who have congenital heart defects or who have rheumatic heart disease may develop infective endocarditis in which the endocardial tissue is infected by organisms such as Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus, or Staphylococcus epidermidus. The child presents with general malaise, arthralgia, fever, splenomegaly and the signs of their underlying heart disease. The classical signs of splinter haemorrhages, petechiae, haemorrhagic lesions (Janeway lesions), tender Osler’s nodes, or Roth’s spots (retinal haemorrhage) are not always seen in children. Microscopic haematuria is common, as is anaemia and a raised ESR. Serial blood cultures may reveal the causative organism. . | Polycystic Kidney Disease MaẮỹrtg Lives E ettsr What is polycystic kidney disease There are several types of polycystic kidney disease PKD . However PKD usually refers to a genetic or inherited disease that is sometimes called adult PKD because it normally appears in adult life. A less common type of PKD occurs primarily in babies and children. In PKD cysts or fluid-filled pouches are found primarily in the kidney but they can also affect other organs including the liver pancreas spleen and ovary. Outpouchings may occur in the walls of the large intestine and in the walls of blood vessels in the brain where they may cause aneurysms. They may also be found in the abdominal wall causing hernias. In addition the valves of the heart may be involved becoming floppy and resulting in a heart murmur in some patients. 2 How common is PKD PKD is the most common life-threatening genetic disease affecting more than 600 000 Americans and an estimated million people worldwide. It is found in all races and occurs equally in men and women. Who is at risk for developing PKD The adult type of PKD also called autosomal dominant PKD or ADPKD is passed from parent to child by an autosomal dominant type of inheritance. This means that only one copy of the abnormal gene is needed to cause the disease. Therefore if one parent has the disease each child has a 50-50 chance of developing the disease. The risk is the same for every child regardless of how many children develop the disease. Boys and girls have the same chance of inheriting the disease. The less common form of PKD also called autosomal recessive PKD or ARPKD is passed by an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. This means that both parents must carry the abnormal gene and both must pass the gene to the child in order for the child to develop the disease. In this situation every child has a 25 percent chance of developing the disease in a family that is at risk. What are the clues that someone has PKD People who have