tailieunhanh - Radiology for Anaesthesia and Intensive Care - Part 10

Các ứng dụng của siêu âm cho bệnh nhân về đơn vị chăm sóc đặc biệt Siêu âm hình ảnh đã có một loạt lớn các ứng dụng cho các bệnh nhân vào các đơn vị chăm sóc đặc biệt. Chúng bao gồm cả các ứng dụng chẩn đoán và điều trị, một số các ứng dụng phổ biến hơn được liệt kê dưới đây. | Ultrasound and intensive care Applications of ultrasound for patients on intensive care units Ultrasound imaging has a huge variety of applications for patients on intensive care units. These include both diagnostic and therapeutic applications some of the more common applications are listed below. Ultrasound is readily portable and can often be performed at short notice. The size of machines the quality and resolution of images has improved over the last decade. It is a versatile imaging modality with many applications on intensive care units. Thoracic Diagnosic applications Pleural effusions see Fig. . Empyema. Pleural biopsy. Therapeutic applications Fluid aspiration. Chest drain insertion see Fig. . Abdomen Diagnosic applications Biliary disease - gallstones see Fig. bile duct obstruction see Fig. cholecystitis. Fig. Pleural effusion. The collapsed lung can be seen within the pleural fluid. Fluid is readily identified using ultrasound whether in the pleural space or within the abdomen. 304 Applications of ultrasound for patients on intensive care units Fig. Pleural effusion drainage - pigtail catheter. The insertion of pigtail catheters on intensive care units is performed most safely using ultrasound guidance. Fig. Gallstones. Multiple echogenic stones are present which cast an acoustic shadow posteriorly. The demonstration of gallstones on intensive care units can be important in cases of obstructive jaundice cholecystitis and pancreatitis. 7 Pancreatic disease and its complications . pancreatitis and pseudocysts see Fig. . Renal disease - stones hydronephrosis see Fig. parenchymal thickness etc. Bowel pathology - appendicitis see Figs and . Abdominal trauma - solid organ injury with free fluid Fig. ascites Fig. . 305 Ultrasound and intensive care Fig. Dilated bile duct. The diameter of the duct can be accurately measured with ultrasound and in cases of obstruction the cause may be identified such as