tailieunhanh - Fundamentals of Risk Analysis and Risk Management - Section 3

Nhận thức rủi ro Mục III, Luật, Chính trị, và rủi ro truyền thông Nguy cơ nhận thức tốt nhất có thể được mô tả như là một chiến trường được đánh dấu bởi các quan điểm mạnh mẽ và trái ngược nhau về tính chất, mức độ rủi ro của cuộc sống hiện đại. Các nghịch lý đối với những người nghiên cứu nhận thức nguy cơ đó, như mọi người đã trở nên khỏe mạnh và an toàn hơn trên trung bình, họ đã trở thành hơn - chứ không phải là ít lo ngại về nguy cơ,. | Section III Risk Perception Law Politics and Risk Communication 1997 by CRC Press Inc. CHAPTER Risk Perception and Trust Paul Slovic INTRODUCTION Perceived risk can best be characterized as a battleground marked by strong and conflicting views about the nature and seriousness of the risks of modern life. The paradox for those who study risk perception is that as people have become healthier and safer on average they have become more rather than less concerned about risk and they feel more and more vulnerable to the risks of modern life. Studies of risk perception attempt to understand this paradox and to understand why it is that our perceptions are so often at variance with what the experts say we should be concerned about. We see for example that people have very great concerns about nuclear power and chemical risks which most experts consider acceptably safe and rather little concern about dams alcohol indoor radon and motor vehicles which experts consider to be risky . Perceptions of risk appear to exert a strong influence on the regulatory agenda of government agencies. In 1987 a . Environmental Protection Agency EPA task force of 75 experts ranked the seriousness of risk for 31 environmental problems. The results showed that 1 the EPA s actual priorities differed in many ways from this ranking and 2 their priorities were much closer to the public s concerns than to the experts risk assessments. In particular hazardous waste disposal was the highest priority item on EPA s agenda and the area of greatest concern for the public as well yet this problem was judged only moderate in risk by the experts. It is important to understand why the public is so greatly concerned today about risks from technology and its waste products. This author does not have the answer but has several hypotheses about factors that might contribute to the perceptions that such risks are high and increasing. One hypothesis is that we have greater ability 1997 by CRC Press Inc. .

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