tailieunhanh - Predicting Chemical Toxicity and Fate - Section 5 (end)

Cách tiếp cận theo từng cấp để đánh giá độc tính về việc sử dụng tích hợp của thay thế (Animal) thử nghiệm . Phương pháp thay thế cho Mô hình động vật thử nghiệm Dự đoán B. Cấu trúc-Hoạt động mối quan hệ C. tầng Chiến lược kiểm tra đánh giá thống kê D. Mục đích phân loại Mô hình E. Chương II này. Phát triển một phương pháp tiếp cận tầng nguy hiểm Phân loại A. Phát triển Phát triển Cơ cấu cuối B. Mối quan hệ định lượng của một mô hình dự báo Căn cứ vào độ. | Section 5 Application 2004 by CRC Press LLC Chapter 18 The Tiered Approach to Toxicity Assessment Based on the Integrated Use of Alternative Non-Animal Tests Andrew P. Worth contents I. Introduction A. Alternative Methods to Animal Testing B. Prediction Models and Structure-Activity Relationships C. Tiered Testing Strategies D. Statistical Assessment of Classification Models E. Purpose of this Chapter II. Development of a Tiered Approach to Hazard Classification A. Development of a Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship B. Development of a Prediction Model Based on pH Data C. Development of a Prediction Model Based on EPISKIN Data D. Assessment of the Classification Models E. Incorporation of the Classification Models into a Tiered Testing Strategy III. Evaluation of the Tiered Approach to Hazard Classification A. Evaluation Method B. Results of the Evaluation IV. Conclusions V. Discussion A. Interpretation of the Classification Models B. Comments of the Design of Tiered Testing Strategies References I. introduction A. Alternative Methods to Animal Testing In the context of laboratory animal use alternative methods include all procedures that can completely replace the need for animals replacement alternatives reduce the number of animals 2004 by CRC Press LLC required reduction alternatives or diminish the amount of distress or pain suffered by animals refinement alternatives in meeting the essential needs of man and other animals Smyth 1978 . The concept of the three Rs replacement reduction and refinement attributed to Russell and Burch 1959 is now enshrined in the laws of many countries and in Directive 86 609 EEC on the protection of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes European Commission 1986 . This directive requires that replacement alternatives reduction alternatives and refinement alternatives should be used wherever and whenever possible. Alternative methods include 1 computer-based methods mathematical models and expert .