tailieunhanh - BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS: AGROCHEMICALS - CHAPTER 13

Thuốc lá là một tài nguyên Sinh hóa: Quá khứ, hiện tại, và tương lai Trong hơn 50 năm, các nhà nghiên cứu đã được kiểm tra khả năng sử dụng thuốc lá (Nicotiana tabacum L.) để sản xuất rất nhiều sản phẩm sinh hóa. Là một phần của nỗ lực này, nghiên cứu tại Đại học bang North Carolina đã được tiến hành về việc lựa chọn các giống sinh khối tối ưu và hàm lượng protein, các kỹ thuật di truyền của thuốc lá để sản xuất protein ngoại lai, . | 13__ Tobacco as a Biochemical Resource Past Present and Future David A. Danehower R. C. Long C. P. Wilcox A. K. Weissinger T. A. Bartholomew and H. E. Swaisgood CONTENTS Introduction Bioprocessing of Tobacco The Past Tobacco Processing The Present Other Product Streams from Bioprocessed Tobacco Carotenoids Terpenoids Sugar Esters Hydrocarbons and Waxes Coenzyme-Q Structural Carbohydrate Tobacco Bioprocessing The Future References ABSTRACT For over 50 years researchers have been examining the potential to use tobacco Nicotiana tabacum L. for the production of numerous biochemical products. As part of this effort research at North Carolina State University has been conducted on the selection of cultivars for optimal biomass and protein content the genetic engineering of tobacco to produce foreign proteins agronomic production methods for bioprocessed tobacco upstream processing and downstream purification procedures required to yield such products. This chapter will present an overview of the progress that has been made in tobacco bioprocessing since its inception. Studies conducted at NCSU will be used to illustrate the possibilities and pitfalls of bioprocessing tobacco. Based upon these studies the feasibility of using field grown tobacco as a bioreactor for production of fine biochemicals will be discussed. Introduction When Columbus first arrived on the shores of North America he found Native Americans growing and using a plant unknown to Europeans. This plant held great spiritual significance 1999 by CRC Press LLC to Native Americans. Scientists who followed in the footsteps of the early North American explorers would later name this plant tobacco. Tobacco Nicotiana tabacum L. farming began in the early 1600s near the Jamestown colony in Virginia. As the use of tobacco products for smoking chewing and snuff was promoted in Europe tobacco became a .