tailieunhanh - INFECTIOUS DISEASES - PART 2

Dự phòng vi-rút hợp bào hô hấp nên được xem xét cho AI / AN trẻ sinh ra ở tuổi thai 32-35 tuần, những người sẽ nhỏ hơn 6 tháng tuổi bắt đầu của mùa RSV (nếu 2 hoặc nhiều yếu tố nguy cơ có mặt [xem Virus hợp bào hô hấp , p 560). Cúm. Tỷ lệ nhập viện cho tất cả các LRTIs cao tại AI / AN trẻ em. Giống như các trẻ em Mỹ khác, | higher risk of being hospitalized because of RSV and LRTIs. Respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis should be considered for AI AN infants born at 32 to 35 weeks gestation who will be younger than 6 months of age at the start of the RSV season if 2 or more risk factors are present see Respiratory Syncytial Virus p 560 . Influenza. Hospitalization rates for all LRTIs are higher in AI AN children. Like other US children AI AN children between 6 and 23 months of age should receive annual influenza vaccine and household contacts of infants 0 to 23 months of age should receive annual influenza vaccine. Children in Residential Institutions Children housed in institutions pose special problems for control of certain infectious diseases. Ensuring appropriate immunization is important because of the risk of transmission within the facility and because conditions that led to institutionalization may increase the risk of complications from the disease. All children entering a residential institution should have received recommended immunizations for their age see Fig p 26 and Table p 28 . If they have not been immunized appropriately arrangements should be made to administer these immunizations as soon as possible. Staff members should be familiar with standard precautions and procedures for handling contaminated blood and body fluids as well as trauma with bleeding. For residents who acquire potentially transmissible infectious agents while living in an institution isolation precautions similar to those recommended for hospitalized patients should be followed see Infection Control for Hospitalized Children p 153 . Specific diseases of concern include the following see the disease-specific chapters in Section 3 for detailed recommendations . Measles. Epidemics can occur among susceptible children in institutional settings. Recommendations for managing children in an institutional setting when a case of measles is recognized are as follows 1 within 72 hours of exposure

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