tailieunhanh - báo cáo khoa học: " New insight into silica deposition in horsetail (Equisetum arvense)"

Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: New insight into silica deposition in horsetail (Equisetum arvense) | Law and Exley BMC Plant Biology 2011 11 112 http 1471-2229 11 112 BMC Plant Biology RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access New insight into silica deposition in horsetail Equisetum arvense Chinnoi Law and Christopher Exley Abstract Background The horsetails Equisetum sp are known biosilicifiers though the mechanism underlying silica deposition in these plants remains largely unknown. Tissue extracts from horsetails grown hydroponically and also collected from the wild were acid-digested in a microwave oven and their silica skeletons visualised using the fluor PDMPO and fluorescence microscopy. Results Silica deposits were observed in all plant regions from the rhizome through to the stem leaf and spores. Numerous structures were silicified including cell walls cell plates plasmodesmata and guard cells and stomata at varying stages of differentiation. All of the major sites of silica deposition in horsetail mimicked sites and structures where the hemicellulose callose is known to be found and these serendipitous observations of the coincidence of silica and callose raised the possibility that callose might be templating silica deposition in horsetail. Hydroponic culture of horsetail in the absence of silicic acid resulted in normal healthy plants which following acid digestion showed no deposition of silica anywhere in their tissues. To test the hypothesis that callose might be templating silica deposition in horsetail commercially available callose was mixed with undersaturated and saturated solutions of silicic acid and the formation of silica was demonstrated by fluorimetry and fluorescence microscopy. Conclusions The initiation of silica formation by callose is the first example whereby any biomolecule has been shown to induce as compared to catalyse the formation of silica in an undersaturated solution of silicic acid. This novel discovery allowed us to speculate that callose and its associated biochemical machinery could be a missing link in our .

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