tailieunhanh - Chemistry part 39, Julia Burdge,2e (2009)

Tham khảo sách 'chemistry part 39, julia burdge,2e (2009)', khoa học tự nhiên, hoá học phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATION A-5 Using the rule that x can be neglected if the initial acid concentration divided by the Ka is greater than 100 we find that in this case x cannot be neglected X 10 4 21 . Successive approximation involves first neglecting x with respect to initial acid concentration 2 2 -x 10 4 and solving for x x1 X 10 4 X 10 5 x 07 X 10 5 M We then solve for x again this time using the calculated value of x on the bottom of the fraction 2 2 - x - 7 10 10 .r - X 10 4 X 10 6 x X 10 6 M Note that the calculated value of x decreased from to . We now use the new calculated value of x on the bottom of the fraction and solve for x again 2 2 z X 10-4 x - x2 - X 10-4 X 10 6 x x 10 6 M This time the value of x increased slightly. We use the new calculated value and solve for x again. 2 2 X 10-4 -x - 2 - - X IO 4 X 10 6 x X IO 6 M This time we find that the answer is still M so there is no need to repeat the process. In general we apply the method of successive approximation until the value of x obtained does not differ from the value obtained in the previous step. The value of x determined using successive approximation is the same value we would get if we were to use the quadratic equation. Thermodynamic Data at 1 atm and 25 C INORGANIC SUBSTANCES Substance AH kJ mol AG kJ mol S J K mol Ag s 0 0 Ag aq AgCl s AgBr s Agi 5 AgNO3 s Al 5 0 0 Al3 aq AI2O3 s As s 0 0 AsO4- ag AsH3 g H3AsO4 s Au 5 0 0 Au2O3 s AuCl s AuCI3 s B s 0 0 6 5 B2O3 5 H3BO3 s .

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