tailieunhanh - writings grammar usage and style phần 4

Tham khảo tài liệu 'writings grammar usage and style phần 4', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 6 CliffsQuickReview Writing Grammar Usage and style Chapter 7 . Third you can learn to use them effectively in combining sentences. A series of short choppy sentences can be turned into a more mature effective sentence by using phrases and clauses See Chapter 6 . The Prepositional Phrase The most common phrase is the prepositional phrase ybull find these phrases everywhere in sentences clauses and even in other phrases. Each prepositional phrase begins with a preposition in of by from for etc. see Chapter 5 for a more complete list and includes a noun or pronoun that is the object of the preposition. in the room ớ the people by the river from the teacher for the party The object of a preposition can have its own modifiers which also are part of the prepositional phrase. in the smoky crowded room of the remaining few people by the rushing river from the tired and frustrated teacher for the midnight victory party Prepositional phrases function as either adjectives or adverbs. The woman in the trench coat pulled out her cellular phone. The prepositional phrase here acts as an adjective describing the noun woman. Most of the audience snoozed during the tedious performance. The prepositional phrase here acts as an adverb modifying the verb snoozed. Phrases Containing Verbals To understand phrases containing gerunds infinitives and participles see Chapter 2 for a complete review of verbals. Briefly these verbals act as nouns adjectives and adverbs in sentences. Chapter 6 Phrases Clauses and Sentences 57J The participial phrase A participial phrase begins with a past or present participle and is followed by its objects and modifiers. Like participles alone participial phrases are used as adjectives. Sniffing the fresh air Jim realized he had found paradise. In the preceding sentence the present participle sniffing introduces the participial phrase which includes the participles object air and its modifiers the fresh . This participial phrase acts as an adjective modifying

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