tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: "Local replication of simian immunodeficiency virus in the breast milk compartment of chronically-infected, lactating rhesus monkeys"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Retrovirology cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Local replication of simian immunodeficiency virus in the breast milk compartment of chronically-infected, lactating rhesus monkeys. | Permar et al. Retrovirology 2010 7 7 http content 7 1 7 RETR0VIR0L0GY SHORT REPORT Open Access Local replication of simian immunodeficiency virus in the breast milk compartment of chronically-infected lactating rhesus monkeys c - I I I D D z f m i K1 2 _I z I z r I_I I s 1A r tAz p A I l I z h 1 A rs z i I c 1 I I 3 12 -Ù h A f L l I -s rv r -pi d I3 sallie R rermar Helen H Kang Andrew B Wilks Linn V Mach Angela carviiie Keith G Mansfield Gerald H Learn4 Beatrice H Hahn4 Norman L Letvin1 Abstract Breast milk transmission remains a major mode of infant HIV acquisition yet anatomic and immunologic forces shaping virus quasispecies in milk are not well characterized. In this study phylogenic analysis of envelope sequences of milk SIV variants revealed groups of nearly identical viruses indicating local virus production. However comparison of the patterns and rates of CTL escape of blood and milk virus demonstrated only subtle differences between the compartments. These findings suggest that a substantial fraction of milk viruses are produced by locally-infected cells but are shaped by cellular immune pressures similar to that in the blood. Findings While transmission via breastfeeding remains a significant mode of infant HIV acquisition the mechanisms of this transmission are not well understood. The level of both cell-free and cell-associated virus in milk have been linked to the risk of HIV infection of breastfeeding infants 1-3 . Therefore viral variants in the milk are a likely source of transmitted virus. Recent studies suggest that mucosal compartments are distinct from systemic compartments in their HIV SIV-specific immune responses and virus quasispecies 4-8 . The immune response in milk may shape compartmentspecific virus as seen in other anatomic compartments such as semen and cervicovaginal fluid 6 9-11 . One study of the genetic diversity of milk virus suggested a difference in the dominant virus species in milk and peripheral

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