tailieunhanh - LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY in AGROECOSYSTEMS MANAGEMENT - CHAPTER 6

Thực hiện của hệ thống đệm ven sông quản lý cảnh quan Bộ đệm AS LINH KIỆN QUAN TRỌNG CỦA CẢNH QUAN QUẢN LÝ Trong những năm gần đây những nỗ lực đã được thực hiện để kết hợp một quan điểm cảnh quan vào các sáng kiến chính sách quốc gia về quản lý đất đai. Hỗ trợ những nỗ lực này, sinh thái cảnh quan đã được coi là một mô hình hiệu quả cho tổ chức và đánh giá các phương pháp tiếp cận khác nhau để quản lý đất đai. . | CHAPTER 6 Implementation of Riparian Buffer Systems for Landscape Management Richard Lowrance and Susan R. Crow CONTENTS Buffers as Critical Components of Managed Landscapes Riparian Ecosystem Functions in Agricultural Landscapes Purposes of Riparian Ecosystem Buffers Making Buffers Sustainable at Multiple Scales in Agricultural Landscapes USDA Programs for Riparian Ecosystem Buffers Simple Decision Tree for Riparian Ecosystem Decision Making Summary References BUFFERS AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS OF MANAGED LANDSCAPES In recent years efforts have been made to incorporate a landscape perspective into . national policy initiatives for land management. Supporting these efforts landscape ecology has been regarded as an effective paradigm for organizing and evaluating various approaches to land management. In part this reflects landscape ecology s focus on applying principles derived from studying landscape elements their interactions and changes over time to solving practical problems in the real world. A fundamental premise of landscape ecology is that the pattern of component ecosystems or landscape elements affects ecological processes. Study of landscape pattern focuses on three basic landscape characteristics structure the spatial relationships among distinct ecosystems or landscape elements function the interactions 2002 by CRC Press LLC or flows of energy materials and species among ecosystems and changes in landscape structure and function over time. Within this context landscape structure may be described as a mosaic of three elements patch corridor and matrix Forman and Godron 1986 . A patch is a unit of a landscape represented by discrete areas or periods of relative homogeneity in environmental conditions and is perceived by organisms or relevant ecological phenomenon of interest as bounded by discontinuity in environmental character. Patches are dynamic occurring at a variety of spatial and temporal scales. Thus a landscape is composed of a hierarchy of .