tailieunhanh - Lake Trout Ecosystems in a Changing Environment - Chapter 5

Tác động của hồ chứa mới Mặc dù có nhiều lý do cho việc tạo ra các hồ chứa (chẳng hạn như cung cấp nước uống, thủy lợi, hoặc kiểm soát dòng chảy), sản xuất thủy điện (hình ) là chính lý do cho sự tồn tại của các hồ chứa trên Shield tiền Cambri. Khai thác tiềm năng thủy điện của Canada đã bắt đầu trong thế kỷ qua và đã tiến về phía bắc như một làn sóng mà bây giờ là cresting ở các vĩ độ midnorthern (Rosenberg và cộng sự, 1987). Hiện tại, việc tổng diện tích của hồ chứa. | chapter five Impact of new reservoirs Michel Legault Société de la faune et des pares du Québec Jean Benoit Société de la faune et des parcs du Québec Roger Bérubé Hydraulique et Environnement Hydro-Québec Contents Introduction Transformations to ecosystems Water quality Plankton Benthos Fish abundance Climatic warming and reservoirs Impacts of reservoirs use on lake trout reproduction Characteristics of reproduction sites Effects of raised water level Effects of water level fluctuations Management recommendations for lake trout in reservoirs Integrated management of water and wildlife Introduction of a strain of deep-spawning lake trout Creating deep-zone spawning areas Supplemental stocking Restricting harvest Conclusions References Introduction Even though there are many reasons for creating reservoirs such as drinking water supply irrigation or stream flow control production of hydroelectricity Figure is the main reason for the existence of reservoirs on the Precambrian Shield. Exploitation of Canadian 2004 by CRC Press LLC Figure Reservoir for production of hydroelectricity. hydroelectric potential began in the last century and has advanced northward like a wave that is now cresting in the midnorthern latitudes Rosenberg et al. 1987 . Already the total area of boreal reservoirs in North America is similar to that of Lake Ontario Rudd et al. 1993 . The environmental impacts that result from the creation of reservoirs are numerous and include accumulation of sediments shore erosion and accumulation of mercury in fish and other organisms. There are upwards of 100 reservoirs in Québec 68 of which are known to support lake trout populations. These represent of the province s lake trout lakes. In Ontario the areas with the most concerns about reservoirs and water level variations are the Algonquin and Eastern regions Lewis et al. 1990 . Together they comprise nearly 22 of Ontario s lake trout lakes. The lake trout Salvelinus namaycush is among the most .