tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: Function of microRNA-375 and microRNA-124a in pancreas and brain

In recent years, our understanding of how gene regulatory networks con-trol cell physiology has improved dramatically. Studies have demonstrated that transcription is regulated not only by protein factors, but also by small RNA molecules, microRNAs (miRNAs). The first miRNA was discovered in 1993 as a result of a genetic screen for mutations in Caenorhabditis elegans. | ỊFEBS Journal REVIEW ARTICLE Function of microRNA-375 and microRNA-124a in pancreas and brain Nadine N. Baroukh1 and Emmanuel Van Obberghen1 2 1 INSERM U907 Faculte de Medecine Institut de Genetique et Signalisation Moleculaire IFR50 Universite de Nice Sophia-Antipolis Nice France 2 Laboratoire de Biochimie HopitalPasteur CHU de Nice France Keywords development diabetes gene regulation metabolism microRNA neurons pancreatic b-celllines Correspondence N. Baroukh INSERM U907 IFR50 Faculte de Medecine Universite de Nice Sophia-Antipolis 28 avenue de Valombrose 06107 Nice Cedex 2 France Fax 33 4 93 81 54 32 Tel 33 4 93 37 77 82 E-mail Received 25 March 2009 revised 7 July 2009 accepted 3 September 2009 doi In recent years our understanding of how gene regulatory networks control cell physiology has improved dramatically. Studies have demonstrated that transcription is regulated not only by protein factors but also by small RNA molecules microRNAs miRNAs . The first miRNA was discovered in 1993 as a result of a genetic screen for mutations in Caenorhabditis elegans. Since then the use of sophisticated techniques and screening tools has promoted a more definitive understanding of the role of miRNAs in mammalian development and diseases. miRNAs have emerged as important regulators of genes involved in many biological processes including development cell proliferation and differentiation apoptosis and metabolism. Over the last few years the number of reviews dealing with miRNAs has increased at an impressive pace. In this review we present general information on miRNA biology and focus more closely on comparing the expression regulation and molecular functions of the two miRNAs miR-375 and miR-124a. miR-375 and miR-124a share similar features they are both specifically expressed in the pancreas and brain and directly bind a common target gene transcript encoding myotrophin which regulates exo-cytosis and hormone .

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