tailieunhanh - Báo cáo hóa học: " Editorial Carol Kerven Correspondence: carol_kerven@msn.com Odessa Centre Ltd, Warwickshire, UK"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về hóa học được đăng trên tạp chí hóa hoc quốc tế đề tài : Editorial Carol Kerven Correspondence: carol_kerven@ Odessa Centre Ltd, Warwickshire, UK | Kerven Pastoralism Research Policy and Practice 2011 1 16 http content 1 1 16 EDITORIAL Editorial Carol Kerven o Pastoralism a SpringerOpen Journal Open Access Correspondence carol_kerven@ Odessa Centre Ltd Warwickshire UK The central feature of pastoralism regardless of continent or environment is that livestock must seek out feed for much or most of the time. Water is another essential requirement which mediates livestock s access to pasture. Further to these basic biological animal requirements there are social institutional political and economic conditions that overlay and influence the way in which pastoralism can be carried out. The five papers we now present each and collectively show how livestock s access to optimal pasture and water is compromised or assisted by these non-biological human factors. The papers consider how solutions have been devised for some of the impediments which can in turn bring new compromises in their wake. A recurring restriction on livestock s feed intake from pasture is the occurrence of low or failed seasonal rainfall - drought. As grazing potential dries up action is demanded if animals are not to die in unacceptable numbers. Pastoralists world-wide in semi-arid environments expect droughts and have a limited number of possible responses bringing feed to their livestock disposing of animals or taking livestock to other feed sources - or a combination of all three. Our first paper Mobility and livestock mortality in communally used pastoral areas the impact of the 2005-2006 drought on livestock mortality in Maasailand by David Nkedianye and his co-authors at ILRI International Livestock Research Institute follows what happened during one recent drought when pastoralists carried out their long-standing practice of moving animals out of blighted grazing lands to places less-affected by drought so their livestock could find more forage. While this practice is socially-endorsed institutional and .

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