tailieunhanh - AERATION: Principles and Practice ( VOLUME 11 ) - Chapter 3

Sục khí khuếch tán được định nghĩa là tiêm không khí không khí hoặc oxy làm giàu dưới áp lực bên dưới một bề mặt chất lỏng. Tất cả các thiết bị được thảo luận trong chương này đáp ứng định nghĩa này. Tuy nhiên, một số thiết bị lai kết hợp phun khí với bơm cơ khí hoặc pha trộn cũng được bao gồm trong chủ đề này. Những thiết bị hỗn hợp bao gồm thiết bị sục khí máy bay phản lực và các thiết bị U-ống. Các thiết bị khác, chẳng hạn như thiết bị sục khí. | 3 Diffused Aeration INTRODUCTION Diffused aeration is defined as the injection of air or oxygen enriched air under pressure below a liquid surface. All of the equipment discussed in this chapter meets this definition. However certain hybrid equipment that combines gas injection with mechanical pumping or mixing is also covered under this topic. These hybrid devices include jet aerators and U-tube devices. Other devices such as sparged turbine aerators and aspirating impeller pumps are covered under mechanical aeration systems. Although the aeration of wastewater began in England as early as 1882 Martin 1927 major advances in aeration technology awaited the development of the activated sludge process by Arden and Lockett in 1914. A review of the history of aeration technology is most interesting and instructive. Early investigators were aware of the importance of bubble size diffuser placement tank circulation and gas flow rate on oxygen transfer efficiency. Perforated tubes and pipes provided the material framework for early aeration methods. One of the earliest patents for a diffuser was granted in 1904 in Great Britain for a perforated metal plate diffuser Martin 1927 . In Great Britain porous tubes perforated pipes double perforated tubes with fibrous material in the annular space and nozzles were used in early methods Federation of Sewage and Industrial Wastes Associations 1950 . Investigators sought more efficient aeration through the development of finer bubbles. In England experiments were conducted with sandstone firebrick mixtures of sand and glass and pumice. Most of these early materials were dense creating high head losses. A secret process employing concrete was used to cast porous plates that were placed in cast iron boxes by Jones and Atwood Ltd. around 1914. This system was used for many years by Great Britain and its colonies. Meanwhile in the . porous plates produced by Filtros were widely used in newly constructed activated sludge plants.

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