tailieunhanh - Schaum’s Outline Series OF Principles of Computer Science phần 2

Nếu bạn đã cung cấp một công việc với Microsoft và cho phép lựa chọn giữa làm việc trên hệ điều hành, sản phẩm cơ sở dữ liệu, hoặc sản phẩm ứng dụng như Word hoặc Excel, bạn sẽ chọn, và tại sao? 1,7 ai làm bạn tin phải được ghi là "nhà phát minh của máy tính hiện đại?" 1,8 ứng dụng của máy tính dường như bạn là phi đạo đức? | CHAP. 1 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SCIENCE 13 If you were offered a job with Microsoft and permitted to choose between working on operating systems database products or applications products like Word or Excel which would you choose and why Whom do you believe should be credited as the inventor of the modern computer What applications of computing seem to you to be unethical What are some principles you can declare with respect to the ethical and unethical use of computers and software List some important ways in which computing has contributed to the welfare of humanity. Which people if any have suffered from the advance of computing technology CHAPTER 2 Algorithms DEFINITION OF AN ALGORITHM An algorithm is a method for solving a class of problems. While computer scientists think a lot about algorithms the term applies to any method of solving a particular type of problem. The repair manual for your car will describe a procedure which could also be called an algorithm for replacing the brake pads. The turn-by-turn travel instructions from MapQuest could be called an algorithm for getting from one place to another. EXAMPLE-DESIGNING A STAIRCASE You may be surprised as we were to know that every staircase must be custom-designed to fit the circumstances of total elevation total rise and total horizontal extent total run . Figure 2-1 shows these dimensions. If you search the web you can find algorithms methods for designing staircases. To make stairs fit a person s natural gait the relationship of each step s rise lift height to its run horizontal distance should be consistent with a formula. Some say the following formula should be satisfied rise 2 run 25 to 27 inches Others say the following simpler formula works well rise run 17 to 18 inches Many say the ideal rise for each step is 7 in but some say outdoor steps should be 6 in high because people are more likely to be carrying heavy burdens outside. In either case for any particular situation the .