tailieunhanh - A Dictionary of Genetics phần 8

Tham khảo tài liệu 'a dictionary of genetics phần 8', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | somatic recombination 415 Proto-eukaryotic lineage Refinement of RNA-based translation apparatus Fragmented genome RNA-based metabolism Invention of cytoskeleton Sogin s first symbiont Development of nuclear membranes Eukaryotes Features of the progenote Fragmented genome possibly an RNA genome RNA-mediated catalysis RNA splicing Primitive tRNAs Aminoacy-tRNA synthetases Primitive ribosome Engulfment of an Archaeon Proto-bacterial lineage Refinement of ribosome DNA based genome with loss of genome fragmentation Transcription linked to translation Development of protein-based metabolism Archaea Bacteria Sogin s first symbiont ber of chromosomes in tetraploid organisms somatic cells contain the 4N number etc. somatic cell genetic engineering correction of genetic defects in somatic cells by genetic engineering . insertion of genes for insulin production into defective pancreatic cells. Such correction would not be hereditary. somatic cell genetics the genetic study of asexu-ally reproducing body cells utilizing cell fusion techniques somatic assortment and somatic crossing over. See Appendix C 1964 Littlefield 1965 Harris and Watkins 1967 Weiss and Green 1969 Boon and Ruddle 1985 Smithies et al. somatic cell hybrid a hybrid cell resulting from cell fusion . . somatic cell nuclear transfer therapeutic cloning . . somatic crossing over the exchange of DNA between non-sister chromatids in a somatic cell. Also called mitotic crossing over. See mitotic recombination site-specific recombination. somatic doubling the doubling of the diploid chromosome set. Such doubling may be induced experimentally by applying the alkaloid colchicine in a lanolin paste to somatic tissues that are undergoing mitosis. somatic mutation a mutation occurring in any cell that is not destined to become a germ cell. If the mutant cell continues to divide the individual will come to contain a patch of tissue of genotype different from the cells of the rest of the body. Compare with gametic