tailieunhanh - BASIC HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT - CHAPTER 12

Quản lý Chất thải y tế / y sinh / truyền nhiễm MỤC TIÊU Hoàn thành chương này, học sinh nên: • Hãy làm quen với các mối nguy hiểm liên quan đến các "túi chất thải màu đỏ," phương pháp truyền thống để giảm thiểu các mối nguy hiểm, và tiêu chuẩn hiện hành để quản lý chất thải. • Hãy làm quen với phương pháp tiếp cận vệ sinh học truyền thống quản lý chất thải y sinh học và tác động của đại dịch AIDS và washups bãi biển năm 1988 trên bờ biển Đại Tây Dương. • Hiểu. | Medical Biomedical Infectious Waste Management OBJECTIVES At completion of this chapter the student should Be familiar with the hazards associated with the traditional red bag wastes methods to minimize the hazards and current criteria for managing the wastes. Be familiar with the traditional sanitarian approach to biomedical waste management and the impacts of the AIDS epidemic and the 1988 beach washups on the Atlantic seaboard. Understand the regulatory approach of the Subtitle J regulations 40 CFR 259 and the use of the tracking form. Be familiar with regulatory developments and trends which are reordering options for management of medical biomedical infectious wastes. INTRODUCTION For many years health care workers hospital administrators military sanitarians and other health-related professionals have understood the necessity to protect themselves their employees members and the public from exposure to wastes that might be reservoirs of disease-transmitting organisms. Local ordinances state and military regulations and guidelines issued by federal agencies and professional organizations developed around a few simple practices and vice versa. These practices generally included red-bagging the solid wastes1 and isolating them in cool storage followed by incineration or sterilization and landfilling. The 1976 enactment of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RCRA included a definition of hazardous waste which continues as a basis for federal regulation of infectious waste management 1 The practice of disposing of medical wastes in bright red plastic bags which distinguish the contents as being distinct from other wastes. 2001 by CRC Press LLC 5 The term hazardous waste means a solid waste or combination of solid wastes which because of its quantity concentration or physical chemical or infectious characteristics may A cause or significantly contribute to an increase in mortality or an increase in serious irreversible or incapacitating reversible illness or